纯css实现tooltip提示框

实现原理

通过伪类before,after（绝对定位）指示箭头和内容。再根据left,top,transform改变位置或角度来组成恰当的tooltip。通过attr的值来设置tooltip内容.

用到的核心点:

伪类::before,::after,:hover，定位position:relative|absolute，透明度opacity:0|1,变换transform等.

直接上代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
    [tooltip]{
        position: relative;
        display:inline-block;
        margin: 20px;
        border: 1px solid #ccc;
        padding: 4px 6px;
    }
    [tooltip]::before {
        content: "";
        position: absolute;
        border-width: 4px 6px 0 6px;
        border-style: solid;
        border-color: transparent;
        border-top-color: black;
        z-index: 99;
        opacity:0;

        top:-5px;
        left:50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
    }
    [tooltip]::after {
        content: attr(tooltip);
        position: absolute;
        background: black;
        text-align: center;
        color: #fff;        
        border-radius: 5px;
        padding:4px 2px;
        min-width: 80px;
        pointer-events: none;
        z-index:99;
        opacity:0;

        left:50%;
        top:-5px;
        transform: translateX(-50%)   translateY(-100%);
    }

    [tooltip]:hover::after,[tooltip]:hover::before{
        opacity: 1;
    }
    /* 右侧 */
    [tooltip][position='right']::before{
        top: 50%;
        left:100%;
        margin-left: -3px;
        transform: translateY(-50%) rotate(90deg);
    }
    [tooltip][position='right']::after{
        top: 50%;
        left: 100%;
        margin-left: 5px;
        transform: translateY(-50%);
    }
    /* 左侧 */
    [tooltip][position='left']::before{
        top: 50%;
        left:0;
        margin-left: -9px;
        transform: translateY(-50%) rotate(-90deg);
    }
    [tooltip][position='left']::after{
        top: 50%;
        left: 0;
        margin-left: -5px;
        transform: translateY(-50%) translateX(-100%);
    }
    /* 底侧 */
    [tooltip][position='bottom']::before{
        top: 100%;
        left:50%;
        margin-top: 1px;
        transform: translatex(-50%) rotate(180deg);
    }
    [tooltip][position='bottom']::after{
        top: 100%;
        left: 50%;
        margin-top: 5px;
        transform: translatex(-50%) ;
    }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div style="margin:60px;">
        <div tooltip="prompt text">hover</div>
        <br>
        <div tooltip="prompt text" position="left">hover left</div>
        <br>
        <div tooltip="prompt text" position="right">hover right</div>
        <br>
        <div tooltip="prompt text" position="bottom">hover bottom</div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

以上这篇纯css实现tooltip提示框就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持芦苇派。